While in vitro fertilization (IVF) success rates vary depending on various factors, experiencing failures in previous attempts doesn’t necessarily mean future attempts will also be unsuccessful. It is possible to have a successful pregnancy after experiencing multiple IVF failures. When undergoing IVF treatment, be aware of the potential underlying causes of failure and how to overcome them.
Root Causes of IVF Failure
Understanding the root causes of IVF failure can help individuals make adjustments to their fertility treatment plans. There are several potential factors that can contribute to failed IVF treatment, including the following:
Age
Women who undergo IVF above the age of 35 are more likely to experience unsuccessful IVF due to their declining ovarian reserve. Aging impacts the quantity and quality of eggs produced by the ovaries. This further impacts the chances of pregnancy through IVF.
Egg Quality
Poor egg quality can significantly impact the chances of IVF success. Age, genetic factors, and lifestyle choices like smoking or excessive alcohol consumption can affect egg quality. Underlying medical conditions like endometriosis can also influence egg quality. Pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) can help identify the chromosomal abnormalities in embryos before transfer, but it may only be used in specific cases.
Sperm Quality
Sperm quality should not be overlooked during the IVF process, as it plays a significant role in the success of IVF. Poor sperm quality, including low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology, can cause fertilization issues. In some cases, it can also lead to implantation failure. To avoid poor sperm quality as a cause of IVF failure, undergo semen analysis and take the necessary steps to improve sperm quality.
Implantation Issues
IVF success depends on the embryo’s ability to implant in the uterus successfully. Sometimes, the embryo quality may not be the reason for implantation failure. Other factors, such as endometrial lining thinness, uterine infection, polyps, and other structural abnormalities, can cause implantation failure. Although there is no guaranteed way to assure implantation success, fertility doctors can recommend various changes to help increase the chances of success.
Medical Conditions
Medical conditions such as PCOS, endometriosis, and other hormonal imbalances may impact the success of IVF. These medical conditions often need to be diagnosed and treated before undertaking IVF. These medical issues can be treated with fertility medication or surgery, improving the chances of success in some cases.
How To Overcome IVF Failures
There are several things doctors may recommend to help increase the likelihood of successful IVF treatment, including the following:
Request Further Testing
To continue searching for the underlying causes of an individual’s failed IVF treatment, doctors may request further testing. Testing could include blood testing, a hysterosalpingogram (HSG), or genetic testing for the BCL6 marker. Additional testing can help identify or rule out various health conditions that can lead to implantation failure.
Improve Physical and Mental Health
Taking care of yourself during the fertility treatment process can impact your chances of having a successful pregnancy. Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and eating a well-balanced diet can contribute to improved chances of a successful pregnancy. Reducing stress through therapy, mindfulness, or yoga may also help improve your mental health, potentially helping improve your chances of conceiving.
Switch to a Different IVF Protocol
A different IVF protocol may be recommended in cases where the initial protocol has not been successful. The new protocol may include variations in the medication regimen, the timing of the procedure, and alternative procedures like intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Individuals can work with their doctor to determine the best IVF protocol for their fertility plan.
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Consider Donor eggs
Sometimes donor eggs may be the best option for couples who have experienced multiple IVF failures, especially for women over 40. Egg donation involves using eggs from a young, healthy donor to increase the chances of success. The eggs are combined with the intended father’s sperm or donor sperm. The resulting embryos can then be transferred to the mother’s uterus.
Pregnancy Following IVF Failure
Experiencing multiple IVF failures is difficult, but options are still available to increase your chances of conceiving. By undergoing further testing to understand the possible root causes of your IVF failure, you can improve your chances of having a successful pregnancy. Contact your fertility specialist and support system for guidance and emotional support during this challenging time.
